What document comprises the Preamble, Articles, and Amendments that form the foundation of U.S. governance?

The U.S. Constitution is the foundational document of American governance, outlining the structure, functions, and limits of government. It includes the Preamble, which introduces the document's purposes and principles, laying the groundwork for the government. The main body is divided into Articles that detail the powers of each branch of government (Legislative, Executive, and Judicial) and the relationship between the states and the federal government. Additionally, the Constitution includes Amendments, which are changes or additions that address specific issues such as individual rights and the rights of states.

While The Federalist Papers provide important commentary and arguments in favor of the Constitution's ratification, they are not part of the Constitution itself. The Bill of Rights refers specifically to the first ten amendments that guarantee individual liberties but does not encompass the full range of the Constitution's elements. The Declaration of Independence, on the other hand, established the American colonies' intent to separate from British rule and laid out the ideals of freedom and democracy, but it is distinct from the Constitution, which is focused on governance. Thus, the U.S. Constitution is the correct answer as it encompasses the complete framework that governs the United States.