What is the statistical study of population sizes, growth, movement, and distribution called?

The statistical study of population sizes, growth, movement, and distribution is known as demography. This field focuses specifically on analyzing the structure of populations, including factors such as birth rates, death rates, immigration, and emigration. By examining these aspects, demographers can identify trends and make predictions about future population changes, which can have significant implications for social policies and resource allocation.

Other fields, while related to society and populations, have different focuses. Anthropology studies human cultures and their development throughout history, while sociology looks at social behavior and societal structures. Economics concentrates on the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, analyzing how people interact with markets and resources rather than solely focusing on population dynamics.