Which of the following describes a system that divides governmental powers between national and state levels?

A federal system is one in which governmental powers and responsibilities are divided between a central (national) government and regional (state) governments. This division allows both levels of government to have sovereignty in certain areas, such as education, transportation, and law enforcement, while working together on broader issues like national defense and foreign relations.

The structure facilitates a balance of power that can address the diverse needs of different regions while still maintaining a unified national framework. This is different from a unitary system, where power is concentrated at the national level, or a confederation, where the central authority is weaker and mostly acts as a facilitator for the member states. A monarchy, on the other hand, is a form of government where a single ruler, usually a king or queen, holds significant power, which does not involve the division of powers in the manner described in the question.